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The Audacity of Hope Author's name: Barack Obama
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Introduction and the book includes nine chapters and conclusion, and a word of thanks, the page three hundred and sixty-eight pages, and the importance of the book lies not only in the fact that the author is the head of the United States. And that some or many of the ideas contained in this book will be applied in one form or another and in different proportions, and these ideas contradict most of the policies of Bush and his conservative ideological and the Evangelical Alliance and the new, although we will not exaggerate the hopes and expectations will impart with Obama after he entered the White House State of America is administered by institutions and lobbies for the control of the multiple economic, and religious press, but we certainly expect a difference in style and approach, and serious attempts to rehabilitate the image of America and alleviate the situation of escalating hostility toward America among many peoples, not only in the world of the developing South, but in the world of the North especially from Europe and Russia through the advocacy of the ideals upon which America and the respect for international law and the charters of the United Nations and human rights, environmental protection and the application of real democracy and democracy is not 99.99%.
It must be pointed out that the book of books that get the fat designation is intense ideas and should be read carefully and it reflects the depth of thinking and a culture of accuracy and excellent views of the domestic and foreign policy is not surprising that self way amid the sweat of their brows maintained and sponsored by the family of the form of hardworking mother and grandmother, a graduate of the Faculty of Law at Columbia University and studied constitutional law at the University of Chicago as well as the early work in the field of civil rights and of the Council of the mandate of Alnioi then a member of the Senate in Washington.
And records of Obama in this book daring and frankness in criticism of American policy mistakes since the inception of the United States, especially the question of slavery, American Indians, racial discrimination and to Latin America as well as his criticism of this policy after the two first and the second is not only wrong, but the impact of proposed solutions and the further advantage of this record.
I think that reading this book not only for the task of politicians in the Arab world, whether they are in power or opposition in the parliament or the government but also to all the media and the intellectuals and opinion leaders in civil society organizations in order to know the direction of U.S. foreign policy in the era of his presidency, focusing primarily in the Chapter VIII (the world beyond our borders) in order to benefit from his experience in the field of politics and in its dealings with its citizens and voters and opponents alike, which runs more or less the policy of the world.
This is a simple attempt to summarize the eighth chapter, which concerns us only
Chapter VIII: the world beyond our borders
This chapter is one of the most important chapters of the non-American readers because it relates to foreign policy of interest to all the world thanks to the throne of America expressed the strongest military in the world economically and scientifically.
This chapter begins by talking about his childhood in Indonesia when he arrived with the husband of his mother and the age of six years, where he remained for about four years left for Hawaii, where his grandfather and grandmother lived to his mother, and then visited Indonesia four times. He criticizes the record of America in this country and its cooperation with the Suharto and condoned the violation of human rights despite the fact that this policy changed after the end of the Cold War.
Turning then growing jihadist fundamentalist Islam in Indonesia and has become a secular decline (one of the largest Islamic parties and political blocs, many of which call for the application of law).
He also pointed out that the Middle East funded mosques and religious schools in the IAF and that many women have committed themselves to the Islamic dress code that prevails in North Africa and the Gulf, which sheds light on the Islamic group which is chaired by Bashir, which he accuses of links with al-Qaeda and he concludes from this country under such variables as (become the land of strangers).
Then, after dealing with the history of foreign policy, which began the era of isolation and expansion to the west and south-west and the blatant interference in the new world and then in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean and the war entered its first, second, whether the refusal to ratify the membership of the United States of the League of Nations against the principles of age and supporters have justified isolation that (encroachment on the sovereignty of America and the restriction of the senseless America's ability to impose its will on the world),

however, that all changed after Pearl Harbor. When the war ended and the Cold War emerged, despite the success of America to avoid nuclear war during the (26) years and to reach a successful conclusion of the cold war and an era of unprecedented economic growth, but foreign policy remained a neglected area of human rights and support of corrupt dictatorships and coups against elected leaders but to policy makers American policy looked at the problems of the world from the perspective of a diplomat, not a result of cooperation between the Pentagon and the Iron Triangle, the military-industrial complex and members of Congress who are in their arms companies.
It also points out that foreign policy has been opposed, and find it even though the policy Nikson and Kissinger's policy in terms of skill, Carter focused on human rights, in sympathy with the policy of the Reagan "Star Wars" and the motive of some aspects of the Reagan vision of the world as it indicates that Bush's father in terms of realism and traditional Despite the successes, however, fell Foreign result (focus the attention of American public opinion on the economic situation of procedure) 296. While Clinton has focused more on trade from the tank and to protect intellectual property rights to protect the lives of more Americans.
Although the events of 11 September led to the heart of things upside down and increased the authority of President Bush and the sympathy of the international community with the United States, however, that the process of eliminating the Taliban in Afghanistan have been unsuccessful. It calls for the formulation of foreign policy success of the atheist and the twentieth century not only by military force against terrorism, but (to adopt an international meeting on the new transnational threats to the borders of States)
to guide the policy of the use of military force and expresses its ideals. In this connection describes the US-led invasion of Iraq that it (the invasion of senseless and reckless recklessly violated the sovereignty of an Islamic country) and the stimulation of the insurgency has adopted a broad sense of the religious and national dignity and increased anti-American.
And cooperation with the international community considers it necessary, however, then he (if we have to do the job alone, the American people would be willing to pay any price).
It also rejects the methods of Bush to impose democracy with guns and support across the parties supported by Washington, and calls for attention to generate chaos, failed because the chaos and calls for activating the work of the United Nations and the chapter concludes by talking about the Arab-Israeli conflict, which had visited the zone of conflict in the Holy Land and reached ( absurd to believe that a solution to this conflict in the current generation and the ability of America, despite its overwhelming to determine the course of events in the world).

February 2, 2009 | 9:09 AM Comments  0 comments
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Evaluate the performance of the Arabs and Israel in the aspects of the conflict
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Arab-Israeli conflict is one of the most protracted conflicts historic - now more than fifty years of continuous - defined by the contemporary world and, of course, their roots and sources of conflict to the late nineteenth century and until the Israel entity in Palestine in 1948. And characterized the Arab-Israeli conflict from other conflicts that covers various aspects of strategic, political, military, economic, cultural and other, as well as the extensive use by the Zionist creed of the myths and allegations of religious institution to interpretation dpi and fabrication of the facts of the religious Torah and the Talmud and other religious interpretations by mixing distorted by project leaders Israel ideology of secularism with the belief of this project and the main argument.

Extremism in the Israeli concepts
Another unique part of Israel within the framework of this conflict by adopting a unique and peculiar notions of national security requirements and maintain the presence and safety entity of Israel, noting that all the actions of Israel's internal and external economic and political security requirements are subject to options where stem Israel political and other permanent Israeli security requirements Which is now the supreme value among the various values of Israeli major and growing anomaly that perception especially with the post-cold war world, the Horn of atheist century, which occupied the place where economic geography or geopolitics
Moreover, Israel was almost the only country in the world that insists on the complete restructuring of the main regional and sub-regional systems surrounding it, it asserts that there is an absolute necessity for the bombing and the removal of the Arab regional order but also to fragment the Arab national social entity Not only that but also fragment the fabric National Social each Arab country separately.
We have to notes that all political settlements that have been so far between Israel on one hand and each of Egypt, Jordan and the Palestinian Authority considers adjustments along the tense and contains within it the sources of tension for the return of the conflict over private sources of permanent and comprehensive settlement and stable.
Reveal recent developments in concepts and policy development, especially sustainable development and human resource development for the escalation of the economic gap between Arabs and Israel for years, this addition to that investment in development, technology and spending on scientific research witnessing a marked decline in the Arab side by development policies that were adopted to export Raw material consumption and the development of recreation and a lack of interest by diversifying the economy and make it more complex ones, along with the majority of Arab countries still rely mainly on external resources, namely, does not depend on the capacities of local and national resources but affected the conditions of the international environment such as oil exports and tourism, expatriate remittances and foreign aid The foreign loans and sea lanes, such as the Suez Canal, one example of the negative consequences of these policies is the relative stability or decline in GDP growth rates or absolute figures for this product,

Development rates in Israel and the Arab States

It is well known that the human development index comprises mainly on three key indicators are:
1. The rate of literacy.
2. Average per capita gross domestic product.
3. Life expectancy at birth.
Besides education and health services, potable water and sanitation.
In terms of human development ladder, we find the following

• Egypt is ranked 124 in the world which is classified among the countries of low growth or lower States average growth, average per capita GDP in 1290 dollars and Egypt is ranked 127 in the world.
• Israel ranked 36 in the measurement of human development and per capita GDP of approximately $ 16 thousand and is ranked 32 in the world in this regard.
• Jordan is ranked 100 in development all over the world and a per capita of $ 1520 and is ranked 120.

The project focused before the establishment of the Israel and then continued on strategic planning, which provides forecasts and alternative poses a national priorities and preferences, while Arab and distinguished performance with a few exceptions in the fifties and sixties deal practical and pragmatic with seasonal and situational developments and events of the conflict with Israel, while devoted many institutions and communities Research in various areas of nuclear, military, security, economic and demographic in dealing with conflict management, dealing still confined to the Arab administration official bureaucracy,
which includes government institutions and ministries of foreign affairs, defense and intelligence departments and only rarely Arab governments to adopt strategic planning centers of public and private, Israel has completed the beginning of the year 1990 plan is the first of its kind since its inception, entitled "Israel in 2020" lasted six years, where he focused research team Institute of Engineering and Applied Haifa comprises about 250 specialists and crews from ten ministries, and resulted in work on the development of 18 volumes trying to cover all aspects of the Israeli internal and external.

With regard to the Israeli plan to overcome the significant population growth among the Arabs of 1948 in light of declining birth rates among Israeli Jews there attract immigrants from the former Soviet Union states at a million immigrants in the coming years after it managed to attract another million years 1990 and 2000, there also modify the balance of population For the benefit of Jews through the expansion of settlement and within the so-called Green Line, which showed the availability of a high level of awareness of the strategic nature of the conflict with Israel as the conflict extends to a comprehensive and demographic aspects of water and related land and the economy as well as confrontation and military intelligence, has developed a working group chaired by Minister of Infrastructure radical (Lieberman), which advocates the expulsion of Palestinians to Jordan voluntarily or mansion, known as the plan entitled "Israel in 2000" That was late in 1996 and included a plan of action for three axes:


1 - Adding new areas of the so-called "development towns".
2 - Provide incentives for those who go for construction and housing in these towns.
3 - The link between the settlements in the West Bank while expanding the Green Line to be annexed to Jerusalem large areas of the West Bank and this is what was in the era of Sharon's government in parallel with the accelerated construction of the dividing line between Arabs and Israelis of Arab Jerusalem and along the Green Belt.
In the military aspects clear perception of higher-Israeli strategic plan recently called "the fabric of 2000" which are based on constant readiness for war option and the plan focuses on the following rules:
• The existence of so-called deterrence based on the image of Israel as a nuclear superpower in the eyes of the Arab region.
• Effective defense: a plan fence to protect Israel from the land surface.
• Defense negative: prevention and civil defense.
• Warning and strategic information.
• offensive capabilities and to acquire F-15 aircraft and the development of the control and surveillance of the distance, while most of the Arab parties embraced the so-called peace as a strategic option, did not develop the potential outbreak of the war and how to deal with situations of tension and instability, as the case since the outbreak of the second intifada, 2000 till now.
However, the intifada of regulatory capacities popular armament even a simple addition to grass-roots efforts and extensive face normalization with Israel and raise the slogan of boycotting American goods and products can provide a concrete and reasonable level which can be called deterrence popular help provide an environment of threat to Israeli security.

February 2, 2009 | 7:56 AM Comments  0 comments
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Men & women and the Culture of Dialogue
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Men and women are the construction of the world, and many conferences and seminars held not only the Arab region but throughout the world for all topics and international disputes, however, how the dialogue between men and women of most of those who have read my article on the strange creatures women believed that me, is the common enemy of women.
And they are not able to understand that the dialogue between me and women non-existent due to lack of mutual trust between us on any subject, even in the salute bumptious I always tell them, and I am rude in dealing with women, but did not ask me I do this thing?
Same time my friends knowing very well that I always try to not hurt anyone or by disposal of the word possible harms.
And with all of that I'm always accused that I'm the common enemy of women.

I tired because I'm always asked why you single till now? and I have to explain my point that I need to be convinced to dialogue because we are in a time you have agreed with me or you do not agree we don't have LOVE and the LOVE Might be found in the Life museum.
And for your knowledge that I am a human being I loved and I was missing this Love

But I was puzzled by the fact that they - men and women - especially in our society, they were convinced that the idea of the cold war or the idea of war, mainly without the need to call for a dialogue among themselves

Never did find it odd while I'm reading in a book (men from Mars and women from Venus), written by Dr. John Gray, a world expert in the field of communication and relations, did not find it odd to speak of men and women as if they had their two different planets, from, in fact the differences and also differences of men and women demonstrate daily and eternal truth theory.
The book, which sold more than forty million copies worldwide and been met with a positive and explained that women have a particular way to communicate in the way of thinking and emotions and feelings and needs in the reactions in the selection of words and sentences
this way completely different than the same way the Men thinking on it.
But he was able to convey an attractive way for us as reader by information and facts of psychology and sociology romantic manner and method of literary interesting even imagine and we really believe that men and women are from two different planets,
Speaking different languages and need each to the various food and nutrition are different.

Dr. Gray has crafted a literary and in romantic way to imagine the planet Mars and Venus.
Mars, all the population are men,
While the Venus all its population are women.
Through binoculars the Mars population found the beauty of Venus and then they take them space ships and headed a trip to the planet Venus.
Here, the author brings us to live the story of a romantic fantasy.

The people of mars loved the people of Venus a magic love and enjoy all that live in the details of this relationship, and then decided to travel to the Earth, unless the event into account.
In the morning he woke up one day, all unconscious memory and thus have forgotten each others and every one of Earth's population forgotten that he is from a different planet.

The aim of the book, of course, not sure of the difficulty of communication between men and women, but to recognize the imperative need for a common language for dialogue.
While much talk in recent years on the dialogue of civilizations and dialogue with others, organized conferences and seminars and wrote articles that emphasize the importance of Dialogue.
Under the theme of dialogue between spouses or between the world of men and women, despite a marginal significance and seriousness of life in spite of the most important social institution, a smaller the institution of marriage and thus the health of society as a whole.

Although the dialogue between men and women has not lived up to the first level of literacy courses, Illiteracy marriage, Vocabulary and understand the language of the others.

but we did not notice the movement in the Arab world in this area .
We Did not notice the fear that the collapse of the seriousness of the institution of marriage or fail due to lack of proficiency in languages of the parties and not because of their usefulness as some think that the majority believes imagine believes in the futility of this institution and the logical result will inevitably be a negative image unhealthy (increasing the rate of spinsterhood among young people and the increasing divorce rate, and a growing proportion of children orphans, despite the presence of the parents). Consequently, social and mental illness at all levels.

January 29, 2009 | 5:13 AM Comments  0 comments
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Israel That Is Enough, Sense of Disability Will Never Reach to Me
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Bombs, rockets and artillery shells .. Against whom??
Against unarmed civilians
Against large and small to kill them and kill the rest scared frightened
The move, sheltering from the fire and Charybdis
Every place of the bombing of the exhibition
The bombing led to the elimination of the day, entire families
Today the massacres that has no precedent in modern history
The Arab peoples have not only unable demonstrations
Demonstrations is the language of the people now
Hearts of the people burned the killings, the excessive and brutal,
To the moment of this writing 30% of the victims children under the age of ten
What Israel is doing at this time rooted in the Arab mind the idea of Israeli racism.
I am wondering now where the Peace Now movement and Israeli peace activists Or that now is the time for war and does not override the voice of the war, What is happening now in Gaza is a crime of genocide is a crime in order to kill the children of these atrocities.
If the war was directed to Hamas or the guilt of children and women
Israel , Enough of this barbarity,
Israel , Enough bloodshed,
I need Ehud Barak imagine, one of his sons in place of one of the young men who were martyred What would be his reaction?
What is happening in Gaza, ending the idea of psychological acceptance of the other in this case, the other is a cold-blooded killer of children and women
And will not be able to Arab intellectuals, or peace activists to speak anymore about peace and accepting the other
Is this what Israel wants??!!
from other side i am thinking about
What we must look to here??
To recall the Egyptian Ambassador from Tel Aviv,
life will not stop there, and that the moratorium on the export of gas will not lead Israel to its knees on her, "What is needed is not the knees, and stop the movement of life in the Tel Aviv, and we can not , in practice, to do so, but the whole objective is that they understand, and understand others in the world that we are able to do something, especially if this thing will be delivers us from this sense of helplessness!
The Sense of disability in this case is the inability to provide immediate alternative available, the most serious, and that the provision of this alternative, which is in our hand, this will raise us «sense» that haunts every citizen, everywhere in Cairo
BUT I will Never Ever be Disabile and I wil never ever me and all the Youth in Arab World feel the Disability
Raise us this sense of helplessness, even if the outcome is just a sense that we all did what we must do, regardless of the type of result to be achieved on the ground,
What is required is a mere waste of sense!
It is not true, that the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel, they are in our hands to this point
And to the right, that Egypt had what you can do on the ground, if it were, from the recall of our ambassador from Tel Aviv, and the end of the Egyptian government's compliance with the rule of the judiciary, not to export gas to Israel.
thir is Somthing Missing , BUt Still I have Hope and never ever any one will sttop me dreaming in PEACE

January 6, 2009 | 7:47 PM Comments  1 comments
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Arab, Bush and the Shoes
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Last week, during the visit of U.S. President George W. Bush to Iraq to sign security agreement by a reporter President Bush threw his shoes
First I am against this arrogance that the reaction of this despicable act against humanity of the U.S. President even if the treatment resulted in a series of resolutions critical of the disaster is not only the Arab nation and even around the world.
and her in the Arab region we don't know the Dissimilarity culture always we attributed each other Always at different points of view with the other other half being an agent OR a traitor.
In fact we find that against Islamic religious principles and which we are Proud everywhere

In any Difference the world must see that we civilized nation but unfortunately they see us a dying nation as a result of our actions And the simplest example of this is our actions in the street with each other or the actions of presidents and kings in the meetings of Arab Summit.

This incident became the talk of the town on all Arab street in every wher in cafes, homes and offices of officials who saw the Zaidi .. hero deserves the Medal of Honor in Libya, and the issue of journalists and lawyers associations and the movie calls for his release. But all this has not prevented us from Crushed, beaten and harm at the hands of the Iraqi police are here ... and see the difference!

the Arab nation Forget the current and future issues , the transformation of the inability to real confrontation of the problems and calamities to the kind of childish revenge, it becomes a hit on Balhmae Scruff or a substitute for prompt action that achieves victory or bringing humiliation and defeat

Most governors and presidents and politicians in democratic countries, approaching people and mingled with them. They are often the waves of anger, and we have to ask ourselfs Why did not any jornalist such as al-Zaidi did in the presence of Saddam Hussein is alive as example and not do after his execution in his photo and same time Let us recall what happened with President Sarkozy when brushed by one of the villagers to visit the agricultural show in France, to whom the offensive word. Reciprocate Sarkozy for the individual and ended up as reported by newspapers .. extraordinary event.

The inability to act, and for taking critical positions and take responsibility, but to chat and Joking and ridicule of ourselves and others, are the weapons of destruction that we have deterrence against those who disagree with them I think it was better if the Iraqi Jornalist asked about Bush's bold embarrassing for the overall crimes in Iraq and why Boukte finally admitted its war against Iraq based on false information The joy of the Arab peoples by Zaidi may take a some days.
But sadness of Iraq and the Arab nation will continue for decades and generations Because we humiliate ourselves And do not create our personality to the world And not think about the future or the future of generations will come However, we have established and our inability to deal with the problems that we have same time we harness from the developed world and we did not take any plan to the advancement and progress and we are working for talks, ridiculous and insulting humanitarian We must blame ourselves before blaming others and recognize that we are against President George W. Bush but not against the George W. Bush the human

December 23, 2008 | 4:42 PM Comments  0 comments
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Alex Agenda and Culture Entrepreneurship
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Hello My Freinds,
let us start and say the Creative as a prerequisite to innovation ,The terms creativity and innovation are often used to mean the thing, but each has a unique connotation.
the real thing for tha is Alex Agenda Creativity - is “the ability to bring something new into existence. This definition emphasizes the “ability”, not the “activity”, of bringing something new into existence.
Innovation - is the process of doing new thing.
and when we see togther that in Alexandria more than 25 culture center may be more beside all the other culture events in this city I have a great friend most of us knew him Mr.Ahmed Essmat.
he creat& Innovate a new thing which is Alex Agenda he issue this Agenda each Month and collect all the culture events in ALexandria
as acadimic words we can say It is important to recognize that innovation implies action, not just conceiving new ideas. When people have passed through the illumination and verification stages of creativity, they may have become inventors, but they are not yet innovators.

and the difference between invention and innovation is:
Invention - is the creation of new products, processes, and technologies not previously known to exist.
Innovation - is the transformation of creative ideas into useful applications by combining resources in new or unusual ways to provide value to society for or improved products, technology, or services Alex Agenda is a real sample for that.
Elements in the Innovation Process
Analytical Planning - to identify: product design, market strategy, financial need
Organizing Resources - to obtain: materials, technology, human resources, capital
Implementation - to accomplish: organization, product design, manufacturing, services
Commercial Application - to provide: value to customers, reward of employees, revenues for investors, satisfaction for founders
Ahmed and All Alex Agenda teram You are a very Exellant Model for Entrepreneurship and all what
I need is just creat Indepandant website for Alex Agenda this Website will updated each month as
I think same time you can put it in all Information centers in EU Countries and I'm sure one day I will see Egypt Agenda as a Project created by Ahmed Essamt I'm sure may be you think about that.
Waiting for your comment my Friends

December 14, 2008 | 4:37 PM Comments  0 comments
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Social Empowerment of Young People
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Youth represent the balance of Egypt's great underlying participate effectively in achieving sustained development and move towards the future From this standpoint State seeks to provide opportunities for the energies of youth to participate in all development efforts, which believes that increasing youth participation in public life is a crucial element in the success All development programmes and to achieve this participation, we must empower young people socially.

And we mean empowering young people socially to have an efficient conscious youth activist in Egypt, is proud of his or her identity, and has the determination and commitment and a high degree of efficiency and capacity for participation and decision-making and have the capacity to participate effectively in society, and to involve young people in public life, Enter through direct dialogue with them and involve them in the formulation of programmes and policies that qualifies them to participate and flying abilities of, when young people participate in his opinion, feel that they contributed to the formulation of these programmes and policies, and that part of it, and therefore it is applied Convinced them. Youth empowerment and comprehensive process requiring the cooperation of all organs and institutions of the state and civil society. Thus stress the principle of partnership and cooperation between government and civil society in developing strategies for this empowerment.

From my perspective I think that the most important thing could be provided to these young people in the absence of skills, lack of employment opportunities, is to provide various exercises with a focus on the vital role of youth in the management of some of these exercises and training in starting from the principle of exchange of experience and respect for freedom Opinion and expression and the use of workshops, working groups, to focus on important life skills such as negotiating and decision-making skills and job search and interviewing skills and innovative thinking and programme management, can also work a campaign to promote a culture of volunteerism and the concept of self-employment The temporary work, and changing the outlook of the traditional work.

As we know that most attracts young people is a national project to bear on the light and contributes mainly in the renaissance of Egypt, asking them to participate actively in which both of thinking or application or implementation, and here comes the importance of youth involvement in literacy projects and the environment, Effective campaigns large afforestation and environmental protection enrolls a large number of young people who will work where all their energies, as well as large national project assigned to literacy. Here will be of mutual benefit between young people and state, and will increase the degree of affiliation with self-confidence and turn.

May 8, 2008 | 11:48 AM Comments  0 comments
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Of the assets of excellence and affiliation
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Certainly the joy of the victory of his People's National Football Championship, Africa is the real joy of unquestionable and hypocrisy. Certainly also praise the Egyptians who took joy in the streets victory spherical whether in Egypt or in the diaspora, remained under pressure or the guardianship of one, did not ask one another: Are you Muslim or Copt, did not think to ask one another whether in your field of religion or of any neighborhood you, and whether you have a private car or riding public transportation? Everyone was pleased with the completion of the large calculated to his homeland, regardless of anything else.
The voluntary departure did not happen automatically when one authorization or permission from another party, unlike the case of collective joy, and across all pleased about belonging to the homeland, which made some great sons is proud achievement in the field of competition and Didnh tender and sincerity, Finally, those who win gives more science and expertise.
The achievement previous access to the same championship in the previous two years ago, has raised expectations of many at the time for the cause of belonging particularly among young people that went to support his team all the energy, as the national team is a symbol of a whole nation, and then left scores and groups to celebrate the victory, as did two days ago. astonishment and then some of us talk about the absence of affiliation between the younger generation and this case, at a time when many of them expressed their dissatisfaction about the state of their country and their desire to Fragaha migration of them, even if necessary adventurous life itself may be terminated at sea rough.
The situation of collective joy witnessed by Egypt now provide another answer to the situation of alienation felt by some within the homeland, answer simply says that individuals need to feel more permanent members of the community as a large, regardless of the natural differences existing between them, They always need to confirm fungal Association and the fateful them as one homeland, and the collective sense of pride resulting from the completion of the case is the entrance to strengthen the nation and the Commonwealth of citizenship, which is the entrance to revive the spirit of giving to everyone individually. however, that access to This situation in turn depends on the collective manner in which achieved overall achievement, which is where everyone has to share in it, which does not only come through genuine partnership and voluntary and protected by law, and that the completion of the right and not coincidence or adventure-calculated , or in other words, Walid planning and clarity of purpose and will power in the face liabilities nearby liabilities before long.
Certainly here that the overwhelming joy due to the general feeling that this well-deserved victory receivable and not a coincidence or luck passing. Walid is thought and planning and tired, effort and excellent performance and the will and determination to do everything possible his energy. Importantly, teamwork and spirit the team that some decay of some of the support and backing. little closer and these conditions frequently found in books development, and comparisons are usually held between progress and underdevelopment. Applicants know these principles and work at it by heart, but not retarded know nothing of them, and they treated each time and ignored another time, usually a longer, and therefore remain in failure and faltering brought while others achieve progress by one.
These meanings are not new in themselves, it is one of the assets belonging and superiority and the ticket is required, or indeed necessary to withdraw those sports positive experience to other fields of industry, agriculture, education, arts and culture to the bottom of the list of fields of life perverted by the United civilizations and promoted by .
Perhaps the lesson here is that achieving eloquent achievement in any field is not impossible if the elements and customary factors referred to above, combined with an iron will aspire to excellence and tender with the Department take into account the interests of the country before anything else. No doubt that many in Egypt of fields that need to be inspired by such a lesson, perhaps to achieve the required shift sought by all Egyptians. these meanings National League does not come through conferences or cultural events and political thought, as some of us and some of the latest coming from across the border each aim to deepen the differences between the sons of the homeland or the search for foreign pressure on the entire country or for the purpose of establishing priorities subsidiary and partial does not serve only category at the expense of another category.

February 20, 2008 | 10:09 AM Comments  0 comments
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The Pharaohs are kings again
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Two burly, muscle-bound attendants carried the CAF Africa Cup of Nations trophy into Accra's Ohene Djan stadium on a traditional chair in which kings are usually hoisted in Ghana.

But the golden symbol of African footballing prowess is now winging its way back to the land of the Pharaohs after Egypt beat Cameroon 1-0 in Sunday's tense final.

It was as much as the defending champions deserved, putting on a consistent performance throughout the tournament and once again stamping their supremacy on the continent's football.

Two years ago they were victors for a record fifth time on home soil and needed a post-match penalty shootout to win. But the class of 2008 proved a far more polished outfit, starting the finals with a 4-2 rout of the Indomitable Lions and finishing off with a 1-0 victory over the same team in the decider.

Mohamed Aboutrika scored the only goal, profiting from the persistence of Mohamed Zidan. The Hamburg man had a virtual wrestling match with Cameroon captain Rigobert Song to supply a square pass that man-of-the-match Aboutrika calmly side footed home.

Zidan caught the ageing central defender off balance with his pace, effectively robbing him of the ball

The goal came 13 minutes from the end of a physically sapping battle, leaving both sides struggling with the heat and humidity in the Ghanaian capital.

Aboutrika has made a habit of netting winning goals. Two years ago he converted the decisive kick in the penalty shootout that saw Egypt edge out the Ivorians. He was also the scorer of the goal that won the 2006 CAF Champions League title for his club side Al Ahly.

"But scoring for your national team is a much better feeling. It is doing it for the whole country," he said afterwards.

On the balance of play Egypt had the better chances and it was only the talent of Cameroon goalkeeper Idriss Carlos Kameni that kept the score down to just a single goal.

The Espanyol net-minder made some fine stops to ensure the Indomitable Lions remained in the battle throughout a tense 90 minutes. His save to deny Emad Moteab in the 36th minute came at a vital juncture of game with less than ten minutes to go to the break.

Cameroon cling
After the interval, Kameni was also on hand to stop a powerful drive from Hosni Abd Rabou, whose performances over six matches earned him plaudits from all corners of the globe. He also hit the post with a diving header just after the hour mark.

Cameroon were finally galvanised after going down a goal and a jittery Egypt defence opened a window of opportunity in the last ten minutes of the contest. However, Essam Al Hadari made two saves and then Song went wide with his last-gasp header to make sure the title went Egypt's way.

As the gold tinsel paper blew into the Accra night sky, and the winning team engulfed Ghana's president John Kufuor to snatch at the trophy, so the abiding memory of this Cup of Nations will be one of Egyptian efficiency and overall class

February 11, 2008 | 10:28 AM Comments  1 comments
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American elections .. interest groups and the masses of votes
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Each time the race starts the American elections, raises the same reason Arab political questions about the quality .. Which is better judgement .. Democratic Party or Republican, whichever is more fortunate. Them and will support more or less to the interests of the region .. However, careful follow-up suggests that there is no radical differences between the positions of the two big in America but in the details. classical sense and the party no longer has value in relation to the roles of interest groups and voting blocs quality .. How? .
We have explained the American elections that took place in 2000 over the political life of America competition partisan sense customary as is the case in Europe, and restored American tradition existed until World War I support the central American presidency in the expression of America: interest groups .. president-elect is not considered a candidate for the party or advocate for his nationalism, but to the interests of the giant economic entities that are organized political groups with known interests.
The two major parties in the end, only two channels for the delivery of the candidate regardless of party affiliation to assume the presidency of the United States. Observers of the political ramifications of America over recent years can be observed for example how the majority enjoyed by the Democratic Party in Congress did not change the orientations of the American administration regarding their policies and that these external majority agreed to everything that had been asked of the special budgets American Security .. etc..
Observers also campaigns for the current candidates for the presidency of the two could not observe any differences and clear them .. supported the establishment of the State Judaism is democratic and republican .. (paging reduce taxes without reducing the budgets allocated for the security of America / also careful to control the sources of energy, but within the framework of a comprehensive strategy
No retreat from the war on terrorism, but should not be excessive announcement) .. and it is no longer the relationship between the citizen and the party in America knows the same relationship defined by Europe. each party reflects the rescue of a European gathering of social groups and specific economic terms depends on the arrival to power of the voices belonged to him and sympathizers ,
While the party includes American rescue groups and various social strata and the successful candidate does not depend primarily on the status of party members .. weight and realistic to support this party or that in America no members belonging to it, but groups and voting blocs, which seeks candidate voices with promises to achieve their interests.
Hence, we find a group of voters, in fact, are not partisan, but is composed of interest groups and the masses of quality, as these groups seek to influence politicians and policy .. and this makes presidential candidate interested in these groups and diverse voting blocs .. and help the electoral system American .. Since the Kennedy assassination (of the mandate of Massachusetts) Democratic 1963, did not succeed in any democratic candidate for the chair of the North .. Both Carter and Clinton from the southern states characterized by the predominance social trends and religious preservation (comprising bloc votes of up to 40 million votes). in this context is starting to crystallize specific voting blocs: the religious, color, ethnicity, or any geographic southern and northern , and link these blocks network of interests which put its supreme military industrial complex technological financial expressed by various interest groups (the arms industry, medicine, oil, etc. ..). above, can say that the Republican Party did not practice governing for the past eight years (2000 2008), although the official results say,
But the government is an alliance between the new-conservatives and the new religious right, a coalition that unlike radical shifts in ideological and political map of America, where conservatives across a group of new rich minority interests for America, and across the religious right itself shines as new votes religious nature. new conservatives has been able to resolve historic place of the traditional liberal trend to express their interests and the wealthy minority investment Altrliunet. also succeeded through intellectual discourse in the promotion of conservation values are maintained attract religious bloc voting base to become social although it includes a variety of social groups and the poor segments of the Central and rich However, the Association is gathered them religious, it does not matter that the new administration passed legislation containing tax exemptions for the benefit of the rich and increase the gap between them and the poor and accept the consequence that the spiritual and moral values contrary to justice and equal opportunity , but did not object poor because of this legislation and privileges enjoyed by the rich are under the cover of religion.
The foregoing that each party seeks through its candidates to flirt with the bloc voting, regardless of party affiliation, and study mission by Brookings Institution (2007) entitled American policies and religious division to the determinants of voting in America, True, they are focusing on the role of religion and religious voting bloc essentially, that the study explains the basic parameters at the outset to vote and how intersects religion, race and jurisdiction in the electoral process at the expense of political choice. recent studies also reveal the neutralization and blockade, which carried out the possibility crystallized political trends and ideological affiliation beyond qualitative.
It is now in the collections is that the minority of the rich do not need for its own benefit but for the masses of votes committed to ensure the success of candidates such as religious voting bloc that could provide nearly 25% of the total voting unit and one non-fragmented, bearing in mind that participants in the electoral process no more 50% in the elections, which are grassroots elections and the electoral college can be controlled as in the case of the election of President Bush (2000) when it lost the elections grass-roots (obtained less than 48% ), and succeeded in obtaining 271 votes of the electoral college votes of the total 538.
Sum should understand the phenomenon of America from the inside and discover how to deal not only with the parties but with interest groups and voting blocs and thus visions and plans if we want to influence, and Mahidin support of the political process. Especially as this type of democracy seems to be required to prevail in many areas: democratic process take place between the minority rich and the masses of the votes, but few Organization and committed, and the majority of political absent .. which turned a long-standing democracies (German andJapanees).

February 11, 2008 | 10:03 AM Comments  0 comments
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Of civil society
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Since the dawn of history, the first concern of the human person is searching for the best means to satisfy the material and moral needs, including the need to meet others Cgrisah basic composition of a society structured cooperation among individuals and groups, which was expressed by Abu philosophers Plato saying that the human animal civilian nature, as was intended Madani word that the city is the ideal format for the organization of human society and achieve happiness.
But this ideal has not achieved in reality, where the increase in the number and complexity of human societies with limited resources to conflicts and wars that had threatened annihilation that everyone did not find a way to settle differences and the division of resources is acceptable to all and reconcile them. This was behind the emergence of the need for law and order as well as the need to power capable of imposing its then on everyone to avoid the dangers of chaos and destruction. The need for security and peace is the mother of invention, which created a power capable of organizing humanitarian group, and since then the story of man's struggle in search for the best way to regulate social relations and the ideal figure of authority, which guarantees the achievement of good and happiness and virtue.
The family is the nucleus of society structured in a simple primitive stages of life, where an atmosphere of cooperation and instinctive belong to the individual on the basis of the Association of blood link uterus and kinship. And determine which course of the year as it is described by the son or father or spouse, and then expanded family, joined by families of new bonds intermarriage, the tribe formed then the clan, which includes the Group tribes. And the Senate has the power and elderly older. But the Association of blood is no longer the sole basis of affiliation in the community, which emerged broader links: religious, sectarian or denominational. Thus, the humanitarian community is divided on the basis of a natural, in the hands of the individual is selected finds itself belongs to the family, clan and tribe by virtue of a certain birthday.
With the increasing complexity of societies and numbers are no longer the natural communities enjoy stability and security. It appeared individuals reversal of their own and seek to achieve them, even at the expense of others. No longer customary norms and moral principles capable of resolving conflicts between them, and appeared the urgent need to establish laws in the form of written texts and the need to assume authority and the obligation imposed by everybody.
In medieval religious authority played a role, was the church in Europe is the power broker in imposing law and order, but what broadcast claimed that they possess the sacred authority derived from the will of God. And persisted in the practice of oppression and repression against freedom, which plunged the European Community in the darkness of underdevelopment and stagnation throughout the Middle Ages at the same time lived by the Islamic civilization and Arab brighter covenants and the first known pictures of the modern sense as institutions with a clear and specific functions.
With the dawn of the seventeenth century, Europe entered an era of enlightenment known Renaissance era, where he started the transition from a feudal agricultural industry. And the associated industrial revolution and the invention of the machine movement population migration from the countryside to cities and transmission group home or workshop to the big factory, which includes large numbers of workers, now there are two classes, one working with the other capital and have begun clear conflict between the interests of workers and factory owners.
Also linked to the economic situation of this new emergence of the right of private property, which pay each of the individuals on the formation of trade unions and organizations to defend their rights and interests of private and common. These links are given loyalty and affiliation of a large number of individuals regardless of whether there are differences among them in the normal links Kalaqrabh, religion, sex, color and the community ... .. etc..
And the imposition of the same question again: What is the relationship between the groups mouthpiece of the special interests of its members and the state mouthpiece of the general interest of society as a whole? Is there room for compromise between the two meet? Here, the civil society as a link between the two areas.
Civil society is one of the forms of organization of communities so that the cooperation between individuals and groups in the areas of economic, social and cultural purpose of protecting the rights and interests of diverse groups and reconciling them, ensuring a higher degree of equality among them. It depends on independent means free from government interference and control on the basis of mutual respect and the balance between private interests and the general interest of society as a whole.
The phenomenon associated with civil society in the origins and evolution in the later stages of the era of enlightenment on the struggle of peoples for the sake of democracy, freedom and equality. It also expressed the best way to remedy the apparent contradiction between the need for freedom and rights to the need for security and order. Power embodied in the State docked in history Exercise colors of tyranny and oppression, injustice and infringement on the rights of peoples pretext of protecting society from chaos and war and the rule of kings caused covenants tyrants in Europe in a popular revolutions called for democracy and respect for human rights.
Here, there is a need to establish organizations and groupings to defend those rights in the face of dictators to restore balance, which has already been imbalance between liberty and order. The associations in those organizations, non-governmental organizations, trade unions, which are separate entities picture from the State. Without independence as able to reduce the domination and tyranny of government power and stop an attack on the rights of individuals and groups.
Thus, there has been evolution in the meaning of civil society as a means of the organization aimed at preserving the interests of only a means of protection of rights and freedoms in the face of the state.
But does that mean civil society in conflict with a permanent state?
Indeed, this is not true, civil society runs only with the non-authoritarian democracy. But the state is not necessarily seeking to restrict freedoms or suppressed permanently, but came originally invented as a way to preserve the rights of society and achieving the entity system. Therefore, it has addressed the positive role of an effort to improve society, such as development of economic and protect cultural identity and cultural rights.
These general objectives looks forward to any people, individuals may accept some sacrifice their own interests in the process. But to reach this acceptance community needs to engage in a dialogue in which the exchange of views different categories leading to a compromise. How is this dialogue? Here comes the role of civil society institutions that provide intermediary channels through which dialogue organized in peace without any party feels Bhajth to resort to violence.
Now, can we identify those multiple meanings carried by the word civil society? It can be said that civil society is based on social Association individual choice involving individuals voluntarily without force and applying existing regulations apply to join the membership of their own free will that make them abide by its principles and contribute actively in its activities. Association and the existence of this social community as a whole to achieve greater stability and peace and security,
It also ensures limits to restrict the authority of the state and prevent it from tyranny.
This form of social organization consisting of a diverse group of religious, educational, professional, political, cultural, unions and trade unions and professional organizations, as well as charities and political parties ... etc.,
which is dominated by the values and principles of tolerance and acceptance of others, peaceful dialogue and respect for individual freedom and privacy. These are bodies and institutions to exercise the role of Sergeant government about the actions of individuals, groups and then hold them to her question.
Add to this, that civil society is that of an independent movement of up to the citizens enjoy freedom in which to organize their lives away from state control or control, and that includes independent organizations open to the citizens to join with the aim of serving the interest or issue or the expression of opinion through peaceful means based joint to respect the right of individuals and other groups to do the same thing. Valtases based on freedom, independence, voluntary choice of the individual, activity based on volunteerism and public action and the goals are the interests or issues or rights of common and peaceful means. The organization is reflecting the community achieve a higher degree of sophistication that is no longer a minor under the affiliation ties preliminary inherited not entered into a human choice, but it Akdarh imposed by birth.
He became affiliation reflects the Association optional giving individual voluntarily own free will, which means that social life has shifted from the question of fatalism surrendered to the individual does not have to change to the resolution and choice. This is the human right to self-determination.
The decision to join the membership of groups beginning a journey, not an end, as much involved in all the affairs of society. And become a strong individual is a member of the group because it has become a greater capacity to influence the goings on around him, when he became a partner in decision-making both at the Community level and at the level of society as a whole after his eligibility government accountability and liability.
As we have stated before about the relationship of civil society in democracy, the democracy of any society depends on the existence of a civil society sense question. It sincere measure of the fact that democracy and civil society a guarantee payment of the government's response to it by individuals and groups to express their demands and wishes to achieve a better quality of life.
But for that to happen there must first be positive citizen has the attention of public affairs and the willingness to exercise independent public action.
But that should not lead us on this civil society which emphasizes independence, freedom and protection of rights to the belief paradox session with the role of government. Like true that the phenomenon is not only aimed at regulating social relations and political, and thus participate in the basic purpose, and develop rules governing the conduct of individuals and groups so as to reconcile them despite the conflicting demands and interests through peaceful means to express them, and then assembled and put it in the form of alternatives to the ruling authority for the highest degree of balance between rights and duties, including an entity that preserves the community as a whole. Units of civil society not only mediates communication tools relationship different groups together as a centre of government convicted.

February 6, 2008 | 12:33 PM Comments  0 comments
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Youth and the political vacuum
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

It would be unwise to ignore the warnings of social research on the status of "political vacuum" and the absence of "political culture" with the Egyptian youth culture that this is the first line of defense to protect young people from extremism and moral deviation is negative and the loss of loyalty and are therefore one

The youth of this generation suffers from confusion and disorientation and loss of direction to the extent the loss of hope in many cases. The only solution has to emerge youth of this situation is to establish bridges of convergence between successive generations and currents, political forces, and schools of thought to diversity .. If this happens would it have strong penetration temptation of feel lost and professional use, and most of them in conditions index and apostasy

Start a study on youth about caring for the public and demonstrate that low turnout in the elections to less than 25% of the total listed in the schedules of the elections and more than half of young people enrolled. This is a warning of the continued shortcomings in the political education of young people, including political education and training on the rights and duties of citizenship and deepen the sense of loyalty and belonging and instill a sense of social responsibility and the willingness of the public service and sacrifice for the homeland. The studies reveal asserts a political vacuum and lack of direction for a national cause and also indicates the presence of a vacuum religious culture and the weakness of the religious right to a significant proportion of young people and the fertile soil of political and religious extremism.
The first reason for this situation is the retreat of the role of socialization and political organs, especially youth care, information and education, thus opening the way to influence young comrades than by these devices, which became effective.
The second reason is the absence of dialogue and free interaction between adults and young people and not listen to each other and the only method used by adults is memorization and talk to young people from the top and treated as if they were minors and guilty.
The third reason is that the school and the university did not have a role in education is no longer the two programmes to train our children on democracy and interaction with the issues of society. There is no need to repeat the talk on the results of education administered by the minds of young people transformed into machines for conservation and retrieval and disrupted the queen of thought and creativity. If students do not participate in school decision-making, how they can participate later in decisions concerning general issues?
As long as the political system has chosen based on the multiplicity of parties and the general elections will be effective for this system without the preparation and training of new generations to be better and more capable than the current generation and this is the meaning to move forward and be the best every generation who preceded him

History does not know where the students played a leading role, just as happened in Egypt, a fact that is confirmed by Egypt's history, but this contemporary role in the recent decline is clearly becoming one of the universities to renew elite institutions suffer from inflation rises at the expense of the educational function and the methods of dealing with youth mobilization and participation formalities. The young generation is being prepared in a way that does not help to create awareness and the ability to work year in the right direction.
Our problem whenever we talked about the need for civic education and political youth some think that this invitation to re Youth Organization, which was affiliated to the Socialist Union in the sixties and this is not true because the time is different and it fit in a world that does not fit in the sixties of the twentieth century atheist and do not return to the young as the old currencies But indispensable for the upbringing of youth culture as do political liberalism States representing Kidwa political pluralism in the course taking into account the circumstances and our privacy.

February 5, 2008 | 12:52 PM Comments  0 comments
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Mysteries of U.S. economic aid conditions stupid .. and penetration public
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

In the resolution of the American Congress on economic aid to Egypt for next year many meanings brazen traumatic and many indications foolish shameful all of which Kamaan and literal assistance paid to the road show and rejection that have not absorbed lessons Congress in the historic Egyptian-American relations and the policy of brinkmanship call The tips history cries crazy stupid John Foster Dallas and Minister for Foreign Affairs of America in the early fifties wake up graves bleached declared again who is not with us is against us and verified does not accept our conditions, we declare war declared by the infinite arrogance of power that does not accept the role of who does not accept the role of silent Bailiff no place and no presence in the American Eternity

The history of the modern Egyptian-American relations that the entry of bilateral relations to a tunnel conditionality and dark conditions may form always the last step of the fall into the abyss and to engage in a clash head-Presse and the closure of all bridges and crossings, which is exactly what happened when pressed U.S. and Western allies Britain and France to the World Bank for Reconstruction and Development to withdraw its pledges to provide the funding required to build the Aswan High Dam in the mid-fifties and escalated clash and spacing intercepted America and the West to deal Czech arms to Egypt and wave cancellation conditionality of relations and completed workshops tension conditionality America of the need to Egypt for approval by the Baghdad Pact and its accession to membership actor to become one from the flock of customers in the region as a state, and as a people and as in the present, in the past modern intensive Idiot on democracy and human freedoms and other idle talk refined and re-imposing domination and control and amenable.

Yet conversations with the terms of the emerging American Congress on Egypt, the prospects of relations between the two countries transition from one condition to another is contained and it is unlikely that the conditions likely by the Congress did not fall from near or from afar under transactions due with sovereign States and contains conditions blatant interference in the matter and presumptuous Egyptian purely internal, drainage and just have the ability to attack on national sovereignty explicit Egypt, which conditions develop Egypt before one option Wahid rejected categorically the shore of the American economic aid in toto, by the Congress that the conditions surrounding the A B international law and the concept of national sovereignty and requirements goodwill in relations between States and mutual respect between them has closed all doors and windows of bilateral dialogue and diplomacy since he entered first into a wall surrounding a head clash and not only non-Presse.
Not only legislation Congress for American aid to Egypt to declare the lifting of the Egyptian government service, but arrived gross ignorance deliberate legislation to include text emphasizes clarity and evacuate all that the Egyptian government will not have any regulatory or supervisory role on how to spend aid or received within Egyptian territory to be support directly between Washington and organizations and bodies and individuals recipients of aid was Congress has the authority to freeze and the elimination of all ministries and ministers and bodies, interests and government institutions and constitutional undefined hands to act with the support of American audiences, and that this has the support of the rights it receives under the internationally recognized rights to the authority of foreign occupation, which try not to be subjected to domestic law or of the institutions and organs as a national authority lower than the top occupation authority.
Regrettably the collective mind in Egypt had spent on American aid economic speech freeze worth one hundred million dollars of the total value of aid amounting to about 415 million dollars, the amount that has been frozen is a significant value to Egypt and the Public Treasury of the State undermined the bases , and the Egyptian economy will emaciation, poverty and the spread between the concentration cries of hunger and disease, while the amount that has been frozen and even the full value of aid does not constitute any importance and do not constitute any value compared to the size of the general budget of about 260 billion pounds, but compared to the partial and one of the molecules of public assets of the State are represented in the Egyptian foreign exchange reserves in the Central Bank and a total value of about 32.5 billion dollars worth of cash reserve of up to about 125% of the total aid and American aid to Egypt since its inception with Conventions Camp David

So far it aid and assistance proved the long years that more disadvantages than benefits and benefits just as full of ready-made meals deadly toxins harmful and deadly Yet the years turned into a Trojan horse seeking to penetrate the border and sovereignty and building a large network of customers who described the Declaration issued by the USAID vis, He pointed to the existence of workshops allies of America in Egypt who are also loyal allies of the West from among government officials, intellectuals, journalists, businessmen and money beneficiaries of American aid, which underlines the great danger surrounding this assistance, activities and work.
There is no alternative to emphasize strict conditions to reject the American Congress for economic aid to Egypt as false on the table remnants of the Institute become not worth the controversy around it, and thus legislation Congress as a one-sided dialogue with the sole Egyptian opening the file necessities compliance with the requirements for Camp David to regain Egyptian relations American health and wellness and avoid binding cascade abyss created by America to stop financing the High Dam, which filled the unstable despite all the American conditions and the West based on the logic of colonialism and demagogic in international relations?!

February 5, 2008 | 12:07 PM Comments  0 comments
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Egypt's security and arsonists
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

No Egyptian accept abuses that took place on the security of his or agrees to conduct expressed disdain topics State and the sovereignty and borders. In these times of overlapping policies and roles, and have several goals and objectives it is necessary to understand clearly the main parties policies and objectives they seek to achieve.
The first is the party which Israel tightened a blockade economically, socially and humanly strictly on the population of Gaza with a range of cutting off the supply of the fuel necessary to generate electricity.

Since any pressure or suppression for a long time should lead to an explosion, which is not surprising that it is necessary to raise the question on the accounts of Israeli strategy and expectations of the continuation of the embargo.

Likely that the estimates of the Israeli position has had various alternatives, including the possible opening of the Rafah crossing with Egyptian borders, and they estimated that it would put Egypt in an embarrassing position, since it will have to choose between two alternatives Scylla over. One: The crossing is opened, which affects their relationship with the United States and the European Union, and stresses the criticism directed against it for the expenditure of smuggling arms and funds to Gaza, and second, to prevent the entry of Palestinians from the Gaza Strip by force and shot, which is a disaster humanely, in the new political outcome implicate Egypt and further divide the Arab and regional levels.

When this did not happen or that Israel declared its readiness to shaking hands completely from the Gaza Strip and that Egypt may be responsible for the sector, which hastened to Egypt immediately, refusing to confirm Israel's responsibility for the Territory as the occupation authority.

Did not stop the Israeli reaction at this point, but has some Israeli circles put ideas settlement of Palestinians in parts of the Sinai, the Israeli goal is to export the problem to Egypt, and here should always hold Israel emphasis on the legal and humanitarian responsibility for the situation has become in Strip.

The second is the party organization Hamas, which took control of the force and sought to recruit the humanitarian disaster that was their policies and positions one of the reasons for them to achieve their political objectives. Ferries have found that the population of Gaza is that it can create a new reality that could alleviate their suffering, and the biggest Error can occur when the leadership of Hamas is to draw it and can deal with Egypt through policies impose a fait accompli resulting in the recognition of the Egyptian legal control Hamas in the Gaza Strip, through the divide between the Palestinian West Bank and Gaza Strip, and the continuing failure in reaching a solution to this position strikes at the heart of the Palestinian cause and achieve the goals of Israel.

And the third party, are hundreds of thousands of Palestinian civilians who have suffered a lot.

With the entry of these to the Egyptian territories for the purpose of purchasing, and breathe the air of freedom and meet with relatives may also entered with adventurers, spies, terrorists and elements infiltrated.

What paid someone to fly the flag of Palestine on the city of Sari Egyptian Sheikh minute? What made payable to other persons to infiltrate illegally to other provinces, bringing with them weapons and explosives and radios?

This may be an expression of the thinking and behavior of juvenile adventurer frivolous by some Palestinian organizations, and may have planned effort to actually find and mistrust between the Egyptians and Palestinians, and whatever the case, the Egyptian security bodies can absorb this development, and meet the security and protection of Egyptians from the consequences, but it is surprising is the silence of parties and political forces rose Egyptian voices claim the Egyptian government easing the suffering of the Palestinians, but did not declare silent objection to such abuses.

When it comes to the security of Egypt and its borders, sovereignty, it does not replace the silence or waiting, especially when we are able in a position where the Egyptian leadership crisis management successfully summoned to thank them from all the Palestinian parties including the statement issued by the Palestinian forces, which was held in Damascus Finally, we have managed to President Mubarak crisis management center considerations diverse and contradictory included Egypt's international obligations and humanitarian responsibility towards the Palestinians and security risks, political and confirmed by the Department independence of the Egyptian decision.

In this sense, those events should invite the Egyptian government to give greater priority to the project for the development of national Sinai, so that the vacuum remain human and strategic It also calls for the review of the security arrangements set by the peace agreement with Israel in the region.

February 5, 2008 | 11:32 AM Comments  0 comments
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In Egypt: NDP party evolve to make community
Translations available in: English (original) | Arabic

The National Democratic Party changed completely, and radically from its eighth year in 2002 and so far, and more can be said with the institution, we have the political composition of new social may differ significantly from the image and structure of the party, which was founded since August in 1978.
Began the process of rebuilding the National Party endorsement of his eighth year in in 2002 upgrades key complementary to each other: first, respect the fundamental principles that have become a new thought of the party. II, a special amend the statute, which was tantamount construction organizational restructuring of the party to play its part as a political actor in society. Consequently, the emergence of the party for the first time in the form of an organized entity reflects the new thinking where completed with the image 'Party government' and how all of this so-called Negatives replaced by the image of the party is capable of formulating visions and develop policies that turned into work programs address by the Party of society to gain confidence in the presidential and parliamentary elections.
Accordingly, the formation of the secretariat of the party policies and the highest policy derivations thereof 9 committees specializing in energy issues, the economy, education and scientific research and foreign policy, health, population, youth, sports and women, transport, agriculture minds notebook includes more than 600 scholars, experts and practitioners and specialists in the various branches .
Circumstances made from the party for the first time able to put to the community specific policies implemented by the government. Also provided at the same time, institutional framework and greater government commitment to the citizens, especially after the introduction of the mechanism of the party annual conference next General Conference, which enabled it to control and constant follow-up the operational performance of his government as well as in favor of simple citizens basically.
Under this new system conducted an internal party elections bottom-up resulted in the change of scale for the first time in the organizational chart construction partisan composition of social change which included about 39% of Trustees of the provinces, and the election of 28 thousand new leadership of the youth and women by 14 thousand for each of them separately, after the allocation of seats for the party and two young women in each unit partisan.
It can be said that the course of development within the party and society witnessed positive impetus on the part of mutual each for the benefit of development in the other, as the party is changing and evolving community is to grow and make, and vice versa, based on the part of society towards the party. Situation, which highlights the merits of the party and its credibility in the command of political reform and the social and economic status of the country, and at the same time making it more vital and Egyptian parties glasses in the last decade.

November 17, 2007 | 9:52 AM Comments  2 comments
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We are all addicts
Translations available in: English (original) | Arabic

Are we not all addicted to the magic charm of happiness? And why not? Is it not considered one of the major human requirements that provide comfort, security and gratification? The pursuit of happiness is a noble endeavour, adding positively to the quality of our lives. To reach this state of happiness and satisfaction we focus on pleasurable activities. We play sports, we dance, we sing, we party, besides our major "beneficial biological behaviours like eating, sex and reproduction." Such rewarding activities are essential for our wellness, survival and growth. Moderate pleasurable experiences enhance our health and outlook, as long as we control our behaviour. Once we are powerless and lose control, abandoning ourselves to our habits disregarding their negative consequences, we become addicts.
Drug consumption around the world is on the rise keeping researchers busy exploring different approaches for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of drug addicts. Substance addiction, which is a pleasurable habit for its user, is not merely a personality disorder, but a behaviour resulting from evolutionary influences. It is an instinctive genetic mechanism caused by significant psychological and biological stimuli. Scientists have conclusive evidence that addictive behaviour goes as far back as 200 million years. Dan F. Umanoff in his book Hypoic's Handbook -- The Evolutionary Origin, Genetic Blueprint and Neurobiological Foundation of Addiction, concludes that these addictions are unwanted consequences of genetic variations of the decision making apparatus.
Positive emotions are also addictive. We seek feelings of excitation and anticipation induced by the increase in fitness and pleasure. Release of dopamine and endorphins promote positive emotions, and scientists believe that the genetic lack of dopamine in our brains may be the predisposing factor leading to addiction. The two fundamental processes that control motivation are pleasure and pain. Pleasure has the capacity to help us survive. Music produces happy stimulants reducing stress hormone levels. Because pleasure is capable of reducing stress, it may facilitate addiction in the end. Pleasure and addiction are closely related. Therefore when pain and pleasure merge, the result is undesirable.

We develop a bond with the habits that originally made us feel good. As long as we are in control of all pleasurable experiences, by all means let us enjoy them. Let us pursue those which stimulate personal growth and development. Sure we are creatures of habit, can we please remember to nurture only the good ones.

October 31, 2007 | 5:30 PM Comments  1 comments
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Changing face of Ramadan
Translations available in: English (original) | Arabic

Politics and economics cannot help but rear their heads during the Holy Month,
Egyptians generally welcome the holy month of Ramadan as a celebration of both faith and family. During the first week, Iftar is usually spent with relatives and the long nights until sunrise out with friends or else at home watching the lavish TV productions that are premiered during the month. Many people of all social levels congregate in mosques until late to pray, and when Ramadan takes its toll towards the end of the fasting month there is always Eid to look forward to.
Ramadan this year, though, arrives when household budgets are already overstretched. The summer holidays are just ending and the new term is beginning just as Ramadan starts. It is an expensive time for families. Little wonder then that the signs of celebration usually associated with the beginning of the holy month are thin on the ground.
With official inflation figures running at 12 per cent -- unofficial estimates are far higher -- people are shying away from buying their usual quantities of traditional sweets.
It is not so much what is being shown, but where and by whom. Two of the most anticipated series this Ramadan deal directly with Egypt but neither will be shown on Egyptian television. Satellite channels owned in the Gulf have bought the rights to both series, which were scripted by Egyptians.

So does this mean that Egypt's love affair with Ramadan is over? Not quite. Ever resourceful, Egyptian families will somehow find a way to deal with the rising costs of the month, and of sending their children to school, and when the month is over of celebrating Eid Al-Fitr. Ramadan, always an exception, is now the time in which the multitude of challenges Egypt faces throughout the year are squeezed into one month.